The U.S. Supreme Court has left standing a federal appellate court's ruling that downloading a sound recording from the Internet does not constitute a "public performance" of the recorded musical work under federal copyright law.
A U.S. Court of Appeals in New York had held, in a case brought by not-for-profit American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP), the the download itself did not meet the definition of a public performance under U.S. copyright law. ASCAP appealed to the Supreme Court, arguing that the appellate court ruling would have profound implications for the nation's music industry, costing its members tens of millions of dollars in potential royalties each year.
The issue in the appeal was a section of the Copyright Act stating that to perform a work means to recite, render, play, dance or act it either directly or by means of any device or process. "Music is neither recited, rendered, nor played when a recording (electronic or otherwise) is simply delivered to a potential listener," the appeals court ruled.
Washington attorney Theodore Olson, a former solicitor general who represented ASCAP in the appeal, said the appeals court ruling improperly narrowed the right to perform copyrighted musical works publicly and placed the United States in violation of intellectual property treaties and other international agreements.
The United States opposed the appeal, saying that the lower court correctly interpreted the existing statute.
The Supreme Court denied the appeal without comment.
The Supreme Court case is ASCAP v. United States, No. 10-1337.

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